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Giản thể: 唐人街
“华人”,指的是中国人,也指居住在世界各地的中国人的后代。“华人”也被叫做“华裔”。今天,我想给大家介绍一下美国旧金山的“华人的天堂”。华人喜欢把旧金山叫做“三番”,因为“三番”和英文San Francisco的发音很像。“旧金山”这个名字的来源很有意思。据说,在160多年前,人们在美国加州发现了金矿。许多华人为了赚钱,都到这里寻找金矿,他们把这个城市叫做“金山”。过了一些年,人们又在澳大利亚的墨尔本找到了金矿。于是,墨尔本被人们叫做“新金山”,而美国的这座“金山”就成为了“旧金山”。
中国古代的唐朝在当时非常有名,所以外国人把华人叫做“唐人”,华人聚集的街区也就被叫做“唐人街”。以前,旧金山的大多数华人都集中居住唐人街,这里也是美国的第一个唐人街。1882年,美国政府出台了一个叫做《排华法案》的法律。这是一个对华人非常不公平的法律。因为法律规定,旧金山的华人只能住在唐人街,不能到别的地方去。当时在美国,华人不能得到美国国籍,不可以买房子,不可以和其他国家的人结婚,也不能享受唐人街外面的很多公共服务。所以,这里的华人就创建了自己的医院和学校,开设了很多商店和工厂,唐人街就这样形成了。
现在,旧金山有五分之一的人口是华人。旧金山的唐人街非常热闹,有许多中国餐馆、商店、公司和中国工厂等。唐人街已经成为了旧金山的特色之一,它吸引了很多人来这里旅游。游客们在唐人街通常都会买一些中国商品,吃一顿中国菜。旧金山的唐人街每天都非常热闹,尤其是中国传统节日的时候。每年春节、元宵节、中秋节,唐人街都会有许多歌舞表演。当你走在唐人街上,很容易忘记自己是在美国,因为人们都在讲中文,街上也到处都写着汉字。唐人街里居住的很多华人都不会说英语,因为他们只要会说中文,就可以很顺利地在这里生活。
你所在的城市有唐人街吗?你去过唐人街吗?欢迎留言和我们分享你的经历!
Phồn thể: 唐人街
“華人”,指的是中國人,也指居住在世界各地的中國人的後代。 “華人”也被叫做“華裔”。今天,我想給大家介紹一下美國舊金山的“華人的天堂”。華人喜歡把舊金山叫做“三番”,因為“三番”和英文San Francisco的發音很像。 “舊金山”這個名字的來源很有意思。據說,在160多年前,人們在美國加州發現了金礦。許多華人為了賺錢,都到這裡尋找金礦,他們把這個城市叫做“金山”。過了一些年,人們又在澳大利亞的墨爾本找到了金礦。於是,墨爾本被人們叫做“新金山”,而美國的這座“金山”就成為了“舊金山”。
中國古代的唐朝在當時非常有名,所以外國人把華人叫做“唐人”,華人聚集的街區也就被叫做“唐人街”。以前,舊金山的大多數華人都集中居住唐人街,這裡也是美國的第一個唐人街。 1882年,美國政府出台了一個叫做《排華法案》的法律。這是一個對華人非常不公平的法律。因為法律規定,舊金山的華人只能住在唐人街,不能到別的地方去。當時在美國,華人不能得到美國國籍,不可以買房子,不可以和其他國家的人結婚,也不能享受唐人街外面的很多公共服務。所以,這裡的華人就創建了自己的醫院和學校,開設了很多商店和工廠,唐人街就這樣形成了。
現在,舊金山有五分之一的人口是華人。舊金山的唐人街非常熱鬧,有許多中國餐館、商店、公司和中國工廠等。唐人街已經成為了舊金山的特色之一,它吸引了很多人來這裡旅遊。遊客們在唐人街通常都會買一些中國商品,吃一頓中國菜。舊金山的唐人街每天都非常熱鬧,尤其是中國傳統節日的時候。每年春節、元宵節、中秋節,唐人街都會有許多歌舞表演。當你走在唐人街上,很容易忘記自己是在美國,因為人們都在講中文,街上也到處都寫著漢字。唐人街里居住的很多華人都不會說英語,因為他們只要會說中文,就可以很順利地在這裡生活。
你所在的城市有唐人街嗎?你去過唐人街嗎?歡迎留言和我們分享你的經歷!
Pinyin: Tángrénjiē
“Huárén”, zhǐ de shì zhōngguó rén, yě zhǐ jūzhù zài shìjiè gèdì de zhōngguó rén de hòudài.“Huárén” yě bèi jiàozuò “huáyì”. Jīntiān, wǒ xiǎng gěi dàjiā jièshào yīxià měiguó jiùjīnshān de “huárén de tiāntáng”. Huárén xǐhuān bǎ jiùjīnshān jiàozuò “sān fān”, yīnwèi “sān fān” hé yīngwén San Francisco de fǎ yīn hěn xiàng.“Jiùjīnshān” zhège míngzì de láiyuán hěn yǒuyìsi. Jùshuō, zài 160 duōnián qián, rénmen zài měiguójiāzhōu fāxiànle jīn kuàng. Xǔduō huárén wéi le zhuànqián, dōu dào zhèlǐ xúnzhǎo jīn kuàng, tāmen bǎ zhège chéngshì jiàozuò “jīnshān”.Guòle yīxiē nián, rénmen yòu zài àodàlìyǎ de mò’ěrběn zhǎodàole jīn kuàng. Yúshì, mò’ěrběn bèi rénmen jiàozuò “xīn jīnshān”, ér měiguó de zhè zuò “jīnshān” jiù chéngwéile “jiùjīnshān”.
Zhōngguó gǔdài de táng cháo zài dāngshí fēicháng yǒumíng, suǒyǐ wàiguó rén bǎ huárén jiàozuò “tángrén”, huárén jùjí de jiēqū yě jiù bèi jiàozuò “tángrénjiē”. Yǐqián, jiùjīnshān de dà duōshù huárén dōu jízhōng jūzhù tángrénjiē, zhèlǐ yěshì měiguó de dì yīgè tángrénjiē.1882 Nián, měiguó zhèngfǔ chūtáile yīgè jiàozuò “pái huá fǎ’àn” de fǎlǜ. Zhè shì yī gè duì huárén fēicháng bù gōngpíng de fǎlǜ. Yīnwèi fǎlǜ guīdìng, jiùjīnshān de huárén zhǐ néng zhù zài tángrénjiē, bùnéng dào bié de dìfāng qù. Dāngshí zài měiguó, huárén bùnéng dédào měiguó guójí, bù kěyǐ mǎi fángzi, bù kěyǐ hé qítā guó jiā de rén jiéhūn, yě bùnéng xiǎngshòu tángrénjiē wàimiàn de hěnduō gōnggòng fúwù. Suǒyǐ, zhèlǐ de huárén jiù chuàngjiànle zìjǐ de yīyuàn hé xuéxiào, kāishèle hěnduō shāngdiàn hé gōngchǎng, tángrénjiē jiù zhèyàng xíngchéngle.
Xiànzài, jiùjīnshān yǒu wǔ fēn zhī yī de rénkǒu shì huárén. Jiùjīnshān de tángrénjiē fēicháng rènào, yǒu xǔduō zhōngguó cānguǎn, shāngdiàn, gōngsī hé zhōngguó gōngchǎng děng. Tángrénjiē yǐjīng chéngwéile jiùjīnshān de tèsè zhī yī, tā xīyǐnle hěnduō rén lái zhèlǐ lǚyóu. Yóukèmen zài tángrénjiē tōngcháng dõuhuì mǎi yīxiē zhōngguó shāngpǐn, chī yī dùn zhōngguó cài. Jiùjīnshān de tángrénjiē měitiān dū fēicháng rènào, yóuqí shì zhōngguó chuántǒng jiérì de shíhòu. Měinián chūnjié, yuánxiāo jié, zhōngqiū jié, tángrénjiē dõuhuì yǒu xǔduō gēwǔ biǎoyǎn. Dāng nǐ zǒu zài tángrénjiē shàng, hěn róngyì wàngjì zìjǐ shì zài měiguó, yīn wéi rénmen dōu zài jiǎng zhōngwén, jiē shàng yě dàochù dōu xiězhe hànzì. Tángrénjiē lǐ jūzhù de hěnduō huárén dōu bù huì shuō yīngyǔ, yīnwèi tāmen zhǐyào huì shuō zhōngwén, jiù kěyǐ hěn shùnlì de zài zhèlǐ shēnghuó.
Nǐ suǒzài de chéngshì yǒu tángrénjiē ma? Nǐ qùguò tángrénjiē ma? Huānyíng liúyán hé wǒmen fēnxiǎng nǐ de jīnglì!
English: Chinatown
Huaren’ refers to Chinese. It also refers to descendants of Chinese living in all parts of the world. ‘Huaren’ are also referred to as ‘Huayi’. Today I want to talk a little about the ‘Huaren’ heaven of San Francisco in America. ‘Huaren’ like to call San Francisco ‘Sanfan’ because ‘Sanfan’ and the English San Francisco sound quite similar. The origin of the name ‘Old Gold Mountain’ is very interesting. It’s said that 160 years ago gold was discovered in America in California. Many Chinese also came to here in search of gold and they called this city ‘Gold Mountain’. Several years later gold was also discovered in Australia, in Melbourne, so Melbourne came to be called ‘New Gold Mountain’ and so the ‘Gold Mountain’ in America came to be called ‘Old Gold Mountain’.
The Tang dynasty was extremely well-know at the time, so foreigners called Chinese ‘Tang People’ and streets where Chinese gathered thus came to be known as ‘Tang People Streets’. In 1882 the American government launched the Chinese Exclusion Act. This is a law particularly unfair to Chinese. Because this law stipulated that the Chinese in San Francisco could only live in Chinatown and couldn’t go to other places. In the America of that time Chinese couldn’t gain US citizenship, couldn’t buy houses, couldn’t marry other nationalities and couldn’t enjoy public services outside of Chinatown. So the Chinese there established their own hospitals and schools and set up many shops and factories and in this way Chinatown was formed.
Now one fifth of the population in San Francisco is Chinese.San Francisco’s Chinatown is very lively with many Chinese restaurants and shops. Tourists often buy some Chinese goods in Chinatown and have a Chinese meal there. Every day San Francisco’s Chinatown in bustling especially during traditional Chinese festivals. Every year during Chinese New Year, Lantern Festival and Mid Autumn Festival there are many singing and dancing performances in Chinatown. When you’re walking in Chinatown it’s easy to forget you’re in America because everyone is speaking Chinese and everywhere there is Chinese writing. Many Chinese who live in Chinatown can’t speak English because they only need to know Chinese to live here without any problems.
Does the city where you live have a Chinatown? Have you been to Chinatown? You’re welcome to leave a message and share your experiences.
Notes:
Huaren and Huayi are untranslatable Chinese terms for ethnic Chinese.
As an Australian I have to throw in that of course gold wasn’t actually discovered in Melbourne but in Ballarat and Bendigo. I suspect that the gold mines in America similarly weren’t in San Francisco.
Robert Budzul (robert@budzul.com)
Zak Gray (zak_lives@hotmail.com)
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