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Giản thể: 恶搞的尺度
“恶搞”，最开始的意思是恶意的搞笑。现在的意思，是改变原来作品的风格，使它变得搞笑或者具有讽刺效果。
前不久，在东方卫视的一个节目中，喜剧演员贾玲对中国民族女英雄花木兰进行恶搞，把她的形象变成一个爱吃烧鸡、没有志向，而且很胆小怕死的傻大姐。节目播出以后，引来很多骂声。很多观众认为，这个节目歪曲了木兰的形象，也破坏了中华民族的文化，贾玲和节目工作人员都应该为这个错误道歉。终于，贾玲在微博上道了歉，表示自己的节目“不合适，违反了大众的审美”。但同时，她的道歉又引起了另一部分人的不满。他们认为，喜剧这门艺术就应该允许恶搞。恶搞体现了娱乐精神，贾玲不应该道歉。
或许，贾玲这件事还算小。“恶搞”引起的大事件其实还真不少。大家都不会忘记，2015年1月7号发生在法国巴黎的悲剧。恐怖分子袭击了法国漫画杂志《查理周刊》的总部，杀死了很多杂志工作人员。原因则是《查理周刊》恶搞了伊斯兰教先知穆罕默德。
正所谓，公说公有理，婆说婆有理。恶搞的尺度到底应该在哪里？恶搞到底需不需要底线？对此，你怎么看？
Phồn thể: 惡搞的尺度
“惡搞”，最開始的意思是惡意的搞笑。現在的意思，是改變原來作品的風格，使它變得搞笑或者俱有諷刺效果。
前不久，在東方衛視的一個節目中，喜劇演員賈玲對中國民族女英雄花木蘭進行惡搞，把她的形像變成一個愛吃燒雞、沒有志向，而且很膽小怕死的傻大姐。節目播出以後，引來很多罵聲。很多觀眾認為，這個節目歪曲了木蘭的形象，也破壞了中華民族的文化，賈玲和節目工作人員都應該為這個錯誤道歉。終於，賈玲在微博上道了歉，表示自己的節目“不合適，違反了大眾的審美”。但同時，她的道歉又引起了另一部分人的不滿。他們認為，喜劇這門藝術就應該允許惡搞。惡搞體現了娛樂精神，賈玲不應該道歉。
或許，賈玲這件事還算小。 “惡搞”引起的大事件其實還真不少。大家都不會忘記，2015年1月7號發生在法國巴黎的悲劇。恐怖分子襲擊了法國漫畫雜誌《查理周刊》的總部，殺死了很多雜誌工作人員。原因則是《查理周刊》惡搞了伊斯蘭教先知穆罕默德。
正所謂，公說公有理，婆說婆有理。惡搞的尺度到底應該在哪裡？惡搞到底需不需要底線？對此，你怎麼看？
Pinyin: Ègǎo de chǐdù
“Ègǎo”, zuì kāishǐ de yìsi shì èyì de gǎoxiào. Xiànzài de yìsi, shì gǎibiàn yuánlái zuòpǐn de fēnggé, shǐ tā biàn dé gǎoxiào huòzhě jùyǒu fèngcì xiàoguǒ.
Qián bùjiǔ, zài dōngfāng wèishì de yīgè jiémù zhōng, xǐjù yǎnyuán jiǎ líng duì zhōngguó mínzú nǚ yīngxióng huā mùlán jìnxíng ègǎo, bǎ tā de xíngxiàng biàn chéng yīgè ài chī shāo jī, méiyǒu zhìxiàng, érqiě hěn dǎn xiǎo pà sǐ de shǎ dàjiě. Jiémù bō chū yǐhòu, yǐn lái hěnduō mà shēng. Hěnduō guānzhòng rènwéi, zhège jiémù wāiqūle mùlán de xíngxiàng, yě pòhuàile zhōnghuá mínzú de wénhuà, jiǎ líng hé jiémù gōngzuò rényuán dōu yīnggāi wèi zhège cuòwù dàoqiàn. Zhōngyú, jiǎ líng zài wēi bó shàng dàole qiàn, biǎoshì zìjǐ de jiémù “bù héshì, wéifǎnle dàzhòng de shěnměi”. Dàn tóngshí, tā de dàoqiàn yòu yǐnqǐle lìng yībùfèn rén de bùmǎn. Tāmen rènwéi, xǐjù zhè mén yìshù jiù yīnggāi yǔnxǔ ègǎo. Ègǎo tǐxiànle yúlè jīngshén, jiǎ líng bù yìng gāi dàoqiàn.
Huòxǔ, jiǎ líng zhè jiàn shì hái suàn xiǎo.“Ègǎo” yǐnqǐ de dà shìjiàn qíshí hái zhēn bù shǎo. Dàjiā dōu bù huì wàngjì,2015 nián 1 yuè 7 hào fāshēng zài fàguó bālí de bēijù. Kǒngbù fèn zi xíjíle fàguó mànhuà zázhì “chálǐ zhōukān” de zǒngbù, shā sǐle hěnduō zázhì gōngzuò rényuán. Yuányīn zé shì “chálǐ zhōukān” ègǎole yīsīlán jiào xiānzhī mùhǎnmòdé.
Zhèng suǒwèi, gōng shuō gōng yǒulǐ, pó shuō pó yǒulǐ. Ègǎo de chǐdù dàodǐ yīnggāi zài nǎlǐ? Ègǎo dàodǐ xū bù xūyào dǐxiàn? Duì cǐ, nǐ zěnme kàn?
English: A Yardstick for ‘Egao’
The original meaning of ‘egao’ was a malicious poking of fun. The current meaning is to change the original style of a work to turn it into something with a witty or satirical effect.
Not long ago, on a program on Dragon TV’, the comedian Jia Ling performed an ‘egao’ (1) against the Chinese national hero – Hua Mulan. She turned her character into that of a silly girl that liked to eat fried chicken, had no ambition, and on top of that was cowardly and afraid to die. After the program was broadcast, it received much condemnation. Many viewers thought that the program misrepresented Hua Mulan’s image, damaged Chinese culture and they thought that Jia Ling and those working on the program should apologize for this mistake. In the end Jia Ling apologized on weibo, stating her program was “inappropriate, and had violated the aesthetic sense of the public”. But, at the same time her apology also led to dissatisfaction among a different group of people which believes (5) that the artform of comedy should permit ‘egao’. ‘Egao’ embodies the vitality of entertainment and Jia Ling should not have to (7) apologize.
This incident with Jia Ling can perhaps be regarded as minor. But actually there is an incident caused by ‘egao’ which is by no means small. No one is likely to forget the tragedy which occurred in Paris on the 7th of January, 2015. Terrorists attacked the head office of the French magazine (6) Charlie Hebdo killing (8) many of the magazine’s staff members. The reason was Charlie Hebdo’s ‘egao’ (9) on Islam’s prophet Mohammad.
Just as they say (10), both parties claim to be in the right. When all is said and done, what is the yardstick of ‘egao’? What’s your view on this?
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1. Yes, really awkward and judging by the second last paragraph ‘egao’ could be translated by ‘satire’ which would also be a verb and really handy for the translation of this sentence. I’ve kept ‘egao’ because there is another word for ‘satire’… and the main purpose of the translation is to help anyone having trouble with the Chinese.
2. 中国民族女英雄: I had trouble with this as I initially read it as 中国民族 – 女英雄. It turns out that it’s more like 中国-民族女英雄, with 民族英雄 going together.
3. 傻大姐: I suppose everyone has got the feel for 大姐… but 傻大姐 also seem to go together with its own tinge of meaning.
4. 中华民族: I’ve translated this just with ‘Chinese’. Anything else becomes too awkward. ‘Chinese national’ seems to go with ‘pride’.
5. I just have to comment on this. I can’t decide whether it should be ‘who’ or ‘which’… I know that often the plural is used here more and more. Indeed if I used ‘who’ I think I’d have to use the plural, even though it’s a singular noun – ‘group’.
6. 漫画杂志: I can’t bring myself to write ‘cartoon magazine’… ‘Comic’? Hardly!
7. 不应该: Interesting one. At first it looks like ‘should not apologise’ will do. But I suspect that would be 应该不. This seems similar to the problem of ‘I must do that’, ‘I must not do that’ and ‘I do not must do that’…
8. I think it’s worth taking note of the original here. I suspect that my translation is pretty accurate yet I don’t think this construction with ‘… ing’ is taught in many grammar books from the PRC. I for one will try to make use of this Chinese construction. It looks really easy but so often we see a complicated English construction and try to turn it into something really complicated in Chinese. In this case the Chinese equivalent is pretty straight-forward.
9. Yes, ‘satire’ fits but I left ‘egao’ for consistency.
10. 正所谓: this seems to be used to introduce a saying or ‘chengyu’. As the English isn’t actually a proverb, the translation into English of 正所谓 doesn’t really make sense.
11. 到底: is this the word that I said last essay will just about always occur if you’re making an argument well?
Robert Budzul robert@budzul.com
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