Audio – Sách Trung Quốc 247: Góc nhìn bỡ ngỡ – Bài 008 – Ý nghĩa của tiếng Phổ thông – 普通话的意义 (普通話的意義) – Pǔtōnghuà de yìyì

标准的中国话叫普通话。但是你知道吗，中国各地不仅有方言，还有其他语言。如果上海人说方言，北京人基本上听不懂；西藏人说藏语，新疆人就根本听不懂了。

普通话还叫国语、华语，它是中国的唯一官方语言，是新加坡的官方语言之一。普通话在中国通用，在亚洲东南部的一些国家，也有不少人能听懂。

普通话以北京话为基础，中国北方大部分人会说普通话，但是他们有一些口音。在中国南方，特别在东南沿海的地区，有很多方言。上海人、江苏人和浙江人说吴语；福建人和台湾人说闽语；广东人和香港人说粤语，粤语又叫广东话。另外，还有赣语、湘语、客家话等等。说不同方言的人，互相很难理解，只能写汉字或者说普通话。

在中国，除了汉族，还有很多其他民族，他们有自己的语言，比如：朝鲜语、藏语、维吾尔语、蒙古语等等。这些语言不是汉语的方言，而是和汉语完全不一样的语言。它们和汉语，说起来不一样，写起来更不一样。

所以，普通话的意义就很明显：来自各地的人可以互相交流，和平友好地生活在一起。

標準的中國話叫普通話。但是你知道嗎，中國各地不僅有方言，還有其他語言。如果上海人說方言，北京人基本上聽不懂；西藏人說藏語，新疆人就根本聽不懂了。

普通話還叫國語、華語，它是中國的唯一官方語言，是新加坡的官方語言之一。普通話在中國通用，在亞洲東南部的一些國家，也有不少人能聽懂。

普通話以北京話為基礎，中國北方大部分人會說普通話，但是他們有一些口音。在中國南方，特別在東南沿海的地區，有很多方言。上海人、江蘇人和浙江人說吳語；福建人和台灣人說閩語；廣東人和香港人說粵語，粵語又叫廣東話。另外，還有贛語、湘語、客家話等等。說不同方言的人，互相很難理解，只能寫漢字或者說普通話。

在中國，除了漢族，還有很多其他民族，他們有自己的語言，比如：朝鮮語、藏語、維吾爾語、蒙古語等等。這些語言不是漢語的方言，而是和漢語完全不一樣的語言。它們和漢語，說起來不一樣，寫起來更不一樣。

所以，普通話的意義就很明顯：來自各地的人可以互相交流，和平友好地生活在一起。

Biāozhǔn de zhōngguó huà jiào pǔtōnghuà. Dànshì nǐ zhīdào ma, zhōngguó gèdì bùjǐn yǒu fāngyán, hái yǒu qítā yǔyán. Rúguǒ shànghǎi rén shuō fāngyán, běijīng rén jīběn shàng tīng bù dǒng; xīzàng rén shuō zàng yǔ, xīnjiāng rén jiù gēnběn tīng bù dǒngle.

Pǔtōnghuà hái jiào guóyǔ, huáyǔ, tā shì zhōngguó de wéiyī guānfāng yǔyán, shì xīnjiāpō de guānfāng yǔyán zhī yī. Pǔtōnghuà zài zhōngguó tōngyòng, zài yàzhōu dōngnán bù de yīxiē guójiā, yěyǒu bù shǎo rén néng tīng dǒng.

Pǔtōnghuà yǐ běijīng huà wèi jīchǔ, zhōngguó běifāng dà bùfèn rén huì shuō pǔtōnghuà, dànshì tāmen yǒu yīxiē kǒuyīn. Zài zhōngguó nánfāng, tèbié zài dōngnán yánhǎi de dìqū, yǒu hěnduō fāngyán. Shànghǎi rén, jiāngsū rén hé zhèjiāng rén shuō wúyǔ; fújiàn rén hé táiwān rén shuō mǐn yǔ; guǎngdōng rén hé xiānggǎng rén shuō yuèyǔ, yuèyǔ yòu jiào guǎngdōng huà. Lìngwài, hái yǒu gàn yǔ, xiāngyǔ, kèjiā huà děng děng. Shuō bu tóng fāngyán de rén, hùxiāng hěn nán lǐjiě, zhǐ néng xiě hànzì huòzhě shuō pǔtōnghuà.

Zài zhōngguó, chúle hànzú, hái yǒu hěnduō qítā mínzú, tāmen yǒu zìjǐ de yǔyán, bǐrú: Cháoxiǎn yǔ, zàng yǔ, wéiwú’ěr yǔ, ménggǔ yǔ děng děng. Zhèxiē yǔyán bùshì hànyǔ de fāngyán, ér shì hé hànyǔ wánquán bù yīyàng de yǔyán. Tāmen hé hànyǔ, shuō qǐlái bu yīyàng, xiě qǐlái gèng bù yīyàng.

Suǒyǐ, pǔtōnghuà de yìyì jiù hěn míngxiǎn: Láizì gèdì de rén kěyǐ hù xiàng jiāoliú, hépíng yǒuhǎo de shēnghuó zài yīqǐ.

The official Chinese language is called Mandarin. But did you know that each region of China not only has its own dialect, but also different languages. If a Shanghai native speaks in their dialect, a Beijing native basically won’t be able to understand them. If a Tibetan speaks in the Tibetan language, a person from Xinjiang won’t be able to understand.

Mandarin is alternatively called the national language and the Chinese language. China’s only official language is also one of Singapore’s official languages. Mandarin is in widespread use in China, while large numbers of people in south-east Asia can also understand it.

Mandarin comes from the Beijing dialect. Most northern Chinese will speak it, but they do have an accent. In the southern part of China, especially in the south-eastern coastal regions, there are many dialects. People from Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang speak the ‘Wu’ dialects. People from Fujian and Taiwan speak the ‘Min’ dialects. People from Guangdong and Hong Kong speak Cantonese. There are also the Gan, Hunanese, and Hakka dialects. People who don’t share these dialects have a hard time understanding one another; they must write out Chinese language characters or use Mandarin. In China, in addition to the Han, there are a lot of other ethnic groups with their own languages. For example, Korean, Tibetan, Uighur, and Mongol etc. These are not dialects of Chinese; they are completely different languages. They are spoken differently to Chinese and written even more differently. So the meaning of Mandarin is clear: it enables people from the regions to communicate, to peacefully and amicably live alongside each other.

Neil Armstrong (nbarmstrong123@gmail.com)

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Dũng Cá Xinh

Dũng Cá Xinh là một nông dân nghèo có 1 vợ 4 con (dự kiến đẻ thêm) hay thích chia sẻ về Marketing Online, SEO, Website, MMO, Freelancer.

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