! Chú ý: Đây là tài tiệu đi kèm sách bản cứng Trung Quốc 247: Mái nhà thân thuộc. Tài liệu sẽ có ích và có tác dụng tối đa khi dùng cùng sách bản cứng. Cả nhà có thể xem thêm về sách bản cứng nha!
Giản thể: 中国人去美国前没想到的三件事
这个月我去美国出差，一起去的几个中国同事之前从来没有去过美国，所以他们对美国社会的很多方面感到非常新鲜。今天我就跟大家说说中国人去美国前没想到的三件事。
第一件事就是喝冰水。在中国人的观念中，温水最有益于身体健康，喝凉水很容易肚子疼，喝热水对食道不好。中国人喜欢喝茶，有时候宁愿喝很烫的水，也不喝冰水。而在美国餐馆吃饭，服务员一开始就会端来一大杯加冰块的水，这让我的同事们很不能接受，于是都要求换成常温的水或者热水。另外，中国人的一天三顿饭基本都是热的，有些人还喜欢吃很烫的食物，比如火锅。而美国人早餐喝的牛奶和橙汁是从冰箱里直接拿出来的，午餐和晚餐也可以吃没有加热过的三明治。所以吃凉的食物，对刚到美国的中国人来说真是一种挑战。
第二件事是穿拖鞋。中国的酒店一般都会提供一次性的拖鞋，因为中国人习惯在进入房间后换上拖鞋。如果你去中国人家里作客，主人也会邀请你在进门时换上拖鞋。原因是外面的地面很脏，换上拖鞋可以保持房间地面的干净。我的美国朋友对我说，到中国来之前他从来没有穿过拖鞋，因为美国人家里一般都铺地毯，回家后就直接踩在地毯上，没有穿拖鞋的习惯。而大多数中国人家里都铺着木地板或者地板砖，穿上拖鞋后，双脚会更温暖和舒适。所以中国人每次出差，一般都会习惯带一双轻便的拖鞋。
第三个让中国人没想到的是美国卫生间里的纸。中国很多公共场所的卫生间，比如商场、公园、加油站、医院、车站等等，是不提供厕所用纸的。所以很多中国人出门都会随身带一包纸巾。而美国的卫生间内都有厕所用纸，大部分卫生间还提供可以垫在马桶座上的纸，这让我觉得非常方便卫生。现在，中国一些比较高档的场所也会提供厕所用纸，但这种做法并没有在全国普及。有人说，要了解一个国家的发达程度，只要去厕所看看就知道了。我觉得这种说法是有一定道理的。
因为文化和社会制度的差异，中国人和美国人在生活习惯上还有很多很多的不同。但是正因为如此，旅行才会变得更加丰富有趣。如果你是生活在中国的外国朋友，欢迎留言告诉我们，来中国前你没想到的事儿。最后祝大家新年快乐！Happy New Year!
Phồn thể: 中國人去美國前沒想到的三件事
這個月我去美國出差，一起去的幾個中國同事之前從來沒有去過美國，所以他們對美國社會的很多方面感到非常新鮮。今天我就跟大家說說中國人去美國前沒想到的三件事。
第一件事就是喝冰水。在中國人的觀念中，溫水最有益於身體健康，喝涼水很容易肚子疼，喝熱水對食道不好。中國人喜歡喝茶，有時候寧願喝很燙的水，也不喝冰水。而在美國餐館吃飯，服務員一開始就會端來一大杯加冰塊的水，這讓我的同事們很不能接受，於是都要求換成常溫的水或者熱水。另外，中國人的一天三頓飯基本都是熱的，有些人還喜歡吃很燙的食物，比如火鍋。而美國人早餐喝的牛奶和橙汁是從冰箱裡直接拿出來的，午餐和晚餐也可以吃沒有加熱過的三明治。所以吃涼的食物，對剛到美國的中國人來說真是一種挑戰。
第二件事是穿拖鞋。中國的酒店一般都會提供一次性的拖鞋，因為中國人習慣在進入房間後換上拖鞋。如果你去中國人家裡作客，主人也會邀請你在進門時換上拖鞋。原因是外面的地面很髒，換上拖鞋可以保持房間地面的干淨。我的美國朋友對我說，到中國來之前他從來沒有穿過拖鞋，因為美國人家裡一般都鋪地毯，回家後就直接踩在地毯上，沒有穿拖鞋的習慣。而大多數中國人家裡都鋪著木地板或者地板磚，穿上拖鞋後，雙腳會更溫暖和舒適。所以中國人每次出差，一般都會習慣帶一雙輕便的拖鞋。
第三個讓中國人沒想到的是美國衛生間裡的紙。中國很多公共場所的衛生間，比如商場、公園、加油站、醫院、車站等等，是不提供廁所用紙的。所以很多中國人出門都會隨身帶一包紙巾。而美國的衛生間內都有廁所用紙，大部分衛生間還提供可以墊在馬桶座上的紙，這讓我覺得非常方便衛生。現在，中國一些比較高檔的場所也會提供廁所用紙，但這種做法並沒有在全國普及。有人說，要了解一個國家的發達程度，只要去廁所看看就知道了。我覺得這種說法是有一定道理的。
因為文化和社會制度的差異，中國人和美國人在生活習慣上還有很多很多的不同。但是正因為如此，旅行才會變得更加豐富有趣。如果你是生活在中國的外國朋友，歡迎留言告訴我們，來中國前你沒想到的事兒。最後祝大家新年快樂！ Happy New Year!
Pinyin: Zhōngguó rén qù měiguó qián méi xiǎngdào de sān jiàn shì
Zhège yuè wǒ qù měiguó chūchāi, yīqǐ qù de jǐ gè zhōngguó tóngshì zhīqián cónglái méiyǒuqùguò měiguó, suǒyǐ tāmen duì měiguó shèhuì de hěnduō fāngmiàn gǎndào fēicháng xīnxiān. Jīntiān wǒ jiù gēn dàjiā shuō shuō zhōngguó rén qù měiguó qián méi xiǎngdào de sān jiàn shì.
Dì yī jiàn shì jiùshì hē bīng shuǐ. Zài zhōngguó rén de guānniàn zhōng, wēnshuǐ zuì yǒuyì yú shēntǐ jiànkāng, hē liángshuǐ hěn róngyì dùzi téng, hē rè shuǐ duì shídào bù hǎo. Zhōngguó rén xǐhuān hē chá, yǒu shíhòu nìngyuàn hē hěn tàng de shuǐ, yě bù hē bīng shuǐ. Ér zài měiguó cānguǎn chīfàn, fúwùyuán yī kāishǐ jiù huì duān lái yī dà bēi jiā bīng kuài de shuǐ, zhè ràng wǒ de tóngshìmen hěn bùnéng jiēshòu, yúshì dōu yāoqiú huàn chéng chángwēn de shuǐ huòzhě rè shuǐ. Lìngwài, zhōngguó rén de yītiān sān dùn fàn jīběn dōu shì rè de, yǒuxiē rén hái xǐhuān chī hěn tàng de shíwù, bǐrú huǒguō. Ér měiguó rén zǎocān hē de niúnǎi hé chéngzhī shì cóng bīngxiāng lǐ zhíjiē ná chūlái de, wǔcān hé wǎncān yě kěyǐ chī méiyǒu jiārèguò de sānmíngzhì. Suǒyǐ chī liáng de shíwù, duì gāng dào měiguó de zhōngguó rén lái shuō zhēnshi yī zhǒng tiǎozhàn.
De èr jiàn shì shì chuān tuōxié. Zhōngguó de jiǔdiàn yībān dõuhuì tígōng yīcì xìng de tuōxié, yīn wéi zhōngguó rén xíguàn zài jìnrù fángjiān hòu huàn shàng tuōxié. Rúguǒ nǐ qù zhōngguó rén jiālǐ zuòkè, zhǔrén yě huì yāoqǐng nǐ zài jìnmén shí huàn shàng tuōxié. Yuányīn shì wàimiàn de dìmiàn hěn zàng, huàn shàng tuōxié kěyǐ bǎochí fángjiān dìmiàn de gānjìng. Wǒ dì měiguó péngyǒu duì wǒ shuō, dào zhōngguó lái zhīqián tā cónglái méiyǒu chuānguò tuōxié, yīnwèi měiguó rén jiālǐ yībān dōu pū dìtǎn, huí jiā hòu jiù zhíjiē cǎi zài dìtǎn shàng, méiyǒu chuān tuōxié de xíguàn. Ér dà duōshù zhōngguó rén jiālǐ dōu pùzhe mù dìbǎn huòzhě dìbǎn zhuān, chuān shàng tuōxié hòu, shuāng jiǎo huì gèng wēnnuǎn huo shūshì. Suǒyǐ zhōngguó rén měi cì chūchāi, yībān dõuhuì xíguàn dài yīshuāng qīngbiàn de tuōxié.
Dì sān gè ràng zhōngguó rén méi xiǎngdào de shì měiguó wèishēngjiān lǐ de zhǐ. Zhōngguó hěnduō gōnggòng chǎngsuǒ de wèishēngjiān, bǐrú shāngchǎng, gōngyuán, jiāyóu zhàn, yīyuàn, chēzhàn děng děng, shì bù tígōng cèsuǒ yòng zhǐ de. Suǒyǐ hěnduō zhōngguó rén chūmén dõuhuì suíshēn dài yī bāo zhǐjīn. Ér měiguó de wèishēngjiān nèi dōu yǒu cèsuǒ yòng zhǐ, dà bùfèn wèishēngjiān hái tígōng kěyǐ diàn zài mǎtǒng zuò shàng de zhǐ, zhè ràng wǒ juédé fēicháng fāngbiàn wèishēng. Xiànzài, zhōngguó yīxiē bǐjiào gāodàng de chǎngsuǒ yě huì tígōng cèsuǒ yòng zhǐ, dàn zhè zhǒng zuòfǎ bìng méiyǒu zài quánguó pǔjí. Yǒurén shuō, yào liǎo jiè yīgè guójiā de fǎ dá chéngdù, zhǐyào qù cèsuǒ kàn kàn jiù zhīdàole. Wǒ juédé zhè zhǒng shuōfǎ shì yǒu yīdìng dàolǐ de.
Yīnwèi wénhuà hé shèhuì zhìdù de chāyì, zhōngguó rén hé měiguó rén zài shēnghuó xíguàn shàng hái yǒu hěnduō hěnduō de bùtóng. Dànshì zhèng yīnwèi rúcǐ, lǚxíng cái huì biàn dé gèngjiā fēngfù yǒu qù. Rúguǒ nǐ shì shēnghuó zài zhōngguó de wàiguó péngyǒu, huānyíng liúyán gàosù wǒmen, lái zhōngguó qián nǐ méi xiǎngdào de shì er. Zuìhòu zhù dàjiā xīnnián kuàilè!Happy New Year!
English: Three things Chinese people’ve never known before visting America
This month I went to America on business. Some of the my Chinese colleagues who went with me had never been to America, so when looking at American society they find it in many regards rather strange. So today I’m going to talk about three things that Chinese never expect before going to America.
The first thing is drinking ice water. In the mind of Chinese, warm water is best for one’s health. If one drinks iced water it’s easy to get a stomach ache and hot water is bad for the oesophagus. Chinese like to drink tea. Sometimes they would rather drink scalding hot water than ice water. And in American restaurants the waiter will start by bringing a glass of cold water with ice in it. This was something my colleagues could not accept so all of them would then ask for it to be changed for water of normal temperature or hot water. In addition, the three meals in a day of the Chinese are basically also hot. Some people also like to eat extremely hot [temperature hot] food such as hot pot. While the milk and the orange juice that Americans eat at breakfast time are taken directly from the fridge and for lunch or tea [evening meal in my dialect of English] they might eat a sandwich which hasn’t been warmed up. So for Chinese who have just arrived in America, eating cold food really is a challenge.
The second thing is the wearing of flip-flops. In general, Chinese hotels will supply disposable flip-flops because in general Chinese like to change into flip-flops once they enter their room. If you go to a Chinese person’s home as a guest, the host will ask you to change into flip-flops once you go inside. Because the ground outside is very dirty so changing into flip-flops will help keep the floor inside clean. My American friends tell me that they had never worn flip-flops before going to China because most American homes are carpeted so when they come home they just step directly on the carpet and they don’t have the habit of wearing flip-flops. Most Chinese homes either have wooden flooring or tiles so wearing slippers the feet will be warmer and more comfortable. So when Chinese travel for business they generally take with them a pair of light flip-flops.
The third thing that Chinese don’t expect is the paper in American toilets. The toilets in a lot of public places in China, for example those in markets, parks, petrol stations, hospitals, stations etc., do not supply toilet paper so when Chinese leave home they often take with them a pack of tissues. But American toilets all have toilet paper and in the majority of toilets they even supply special paper to pad the toilet seat itself which leaves me feeling very convenient and hygienic. Nowadays in China, in comparatively high class establishments they will also supply toilet paper but this way of doing things in definitely not widespread througout the country. Some people say that if you want to get an idea of how far a country has advanced you just need to go to the toilets and have a look and you’ll know. I think there is some truth in this.
Because of differences in culture and society, Chinese and Americans still have many differences in daily living habits. But exactly for this reason travel becomes even more richly interesting. If you are a foreigner living in China you are welcome to leave a message detailing things you didn’t think of before coming to China. And finally a happy new year to everyone.
Robert
Phần dịch tiếng Việt có trong sách bản cứng: Trung Quốc 247: Mái nhà thân thuộc cả nhà nhé!
