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Giản thể: 出轨和出柜
慢速中文的小伙伴们，大家好！在学中文之初，你的老师或者中国朋友一定告诉过你：声调很重要，如果声调出错了，很可能会闹笑话或者造成误会的。今天我就给大家举一个例子。
轨，左边是车，所以和车有关。火车、电车都有固定的轨道。出轨，就是离开了正常的轨道。我们可以说：火车出轨了，或者脱轨了。如果我们说一个人出轨了，就是指这个人背叛了自己的伴侣。2016年，中国互联网上两起和出轨相关的新闻引起了人们的广泛关注。演员王宝强主动在新浪微博上曝光妻子出轨，妻子的出轨对象是他的经纪人。11月的时候，羽毛球运动员林丹被曝光在妻子怀孕期间出轨了，他的出轨对象是一个女演员。
说完出轨，我们来聊聊出柜。柜，就是柜子，“柜”这个汉字的左边是“木”，说明最初的柜子是木头做的。常见的柜子有：书柜、橱柜、梳妆柜等等。出柜，就是从柜子里出来。这个词是从英文直接翻译过来的，用来形容同性恋人士对外界披露自己的性取向。2016年，我的一个朋友向他的父母出柜了，经过半年多的时间，他的父母终于接受了这个事实。我们都觉得这很难得，并且为他感到高兴。
Phồn thể: 出軌和出櫃
慢速中文的小伙伴們，大家好！在學中文之初，你的老師或者中國朋友一定告訴過你：聲調很重要，如果聲調出錯了，很可能會鬧笑話或者造成誤會的。今天我就給大家舉一個例子。
軌，左邊是車，所以和車有關。火車、電車都有固定的軌道。出軌，就是離開了正常的軌道。我們可以說：火車出軌了，或者脫軌了。如果我們說一個人出軌了，就是指這個人背叛了自己的伴侶。 2016年，中國互聯網上兩起和出軌相關的新聞引起了人們的廣泛關注。演員王寶強主動在新浪微博上曝光妻子出軌，妻子的出軌對像是他的經紀人。 11月的時候，羽毛球運動員林丹被曝光在妻子懷孕期間出軌了，他的出軌對像是一個女演員。
說完出軌，我們來聊聊出櫃。櫃，就是櫃子，“櫃”這個漢字的左邊是“木”，說明最初的櫃子是木頭做的。常見的櫃子有：書櫃、櫥櫃、梳妝櫃等等。出櫃，就是從櫃子裡出來。這個詞是從英文直接翻譯過來的，用來形容同性戀人士對外界披露自己的性取向。 2016年，我的一個朋友向他的父母出櫃了，經過半年多的時間，他的父母終於接受了這個事實。我們都覺得這很難得，並且為他感到高興。
Pinyin: Chūguǐ hé chū guì
Màn sù zhōngwén de xiǎo huǒbànmen, dàjiā hǎo! Zàixué zhōngwén zhī chū, nǐ de lǎoshī huòzhě zhōngguó péngyǒu yīdìng gàosùguò nǐ: Shēngdiào hěn zhòngyào, rúguǒ shēngdiào chūcuòle, hěn kěnéng huì nào xiàohuà huòzhě zàochéng wùhuì de. Jīntiān wǒ jiù gěi dàjiā jǔ yīgè lìzi.
Guǐ, zuǒbiān shì chē, suǒyǐ hé chē yǒuguān. Huǒchē, diànchē dōu yǒu gùdìng de guǐdào. Chūguǐ, jiùshì líkāile zhèngcháng de guǐdào. Wǒmen kěyǐ shuō: Huǒchē chūguǐle, huòzhě tuōguǐle. Rúguǒ wǒmen shuō yīgè rén chūguǐle, jiùshì zhǐ zhège rén bèipànle zìjǐ de bànlǚ.2016 Nián, zhōngguó hùliánwǎng shàng liǎng qǐ hé chūguǐ xiāngguān de xīnwén yǐnqǐle rénmen de guǎngfàn guānzhù. Yǎnyuán wángbǎoqiáng zhǔdòng zài xīnlàng wēi bó shàng paoguāng qī zǐ chūguǐ, qīzi de chūguǐ duìxiàng shì tā de jīngjì rén.11 Yuè de shíhòu, yǔmáoqiú yùndòngyuán líndān bèi paoguāng zài qīzi huáiyùn qíjiān chūguǐle, tā de chūguǐ duìxiàng shì yīgè nǚ yǎnyuán.
Shuō wán chūguǐ, wǒmen lái liáo liáo chū guì. Guì, jiùshì guìzi,“guì” zhège hànzì de zuǒbiān shì “mù”, shuōmíng zuìchū de guìzi shì mùtou zuò de. Chángjiàn de guìzi yǒu: Shūguì, chúguì, shūzhuāng guì děng děng. Chū guì, jiùshì cóng guìzi lǐ chūlái. Zhège cí shì cóng yīngwén zhíjiē fānyì guòlái de, yòng lái xíngróng tóngxìngliàn rénshì duì wàijiè pīlù zìjǐ dì xìng qǔxiàng.2016 Nián, wǒ de yīgè péngyǒu xiàng tā de fùmǔ chū guìle, jīngguò bànnián duō de shíjiān, tā de fùmǔ zhōngyú jiēshòule zhège shìshí. Wǒmen dōu juédé zhè hěn nándé, bìngqiě wèi tā gǎndào gāoxìng.
‘ ‘Cheating’ and ‘Coming Out of the Closet’
Partner’s of Slow Chinese, hello to you all! At the very beginning of your time learning Chinese, your teacher or Chinese friend certainly told you: tones are very important, and if the wrong tone comes out, there’s a good chance you will make a fool of yourself or cause a misunderstanding. Today I will provide you all with an example.
‘轨 – guǐ’ has a ‘车 – chē’ to the left, so is related to ‘车’ (car/vehicle) [1]. Trains and trams both have fixed tracks. ‘出轨 – chūguǐ’ means to deviate from the regular track. We can say: “The train has gone off the rails (出轨 – chūguǐ),” or “it has been derailed (脱轨 – tuōguǐ).” If we say that someone has ‘出轨 – chūguǐ’, we are pointing out that they have ‘betrayed’ (or ‘cheated on’) their partner. In 2016, on the Chinese internet there were two news stories relating to ‘出轨 – chūguǐ’, both giving rise to widespread interest from the people. Actor Wang Baoqiang took the initiative, exposing on Sina Weibo that his wife had ‘出轨’, and that his wife’s ‘出轨对象 – chūguǐ duìxiàng’ (lover) was his agent. In November, badminton player Lin Dan was exposed cheating during his wife’s pregnancy, and his ‘出轨对象 – chūguǐ duìxiàng’ was an actress.
We’ve finished talking about ‘出轨’, so let’s talk about ‘出柜 – chūguì’. ‘柜 – guì’ just means ‘柜子 – guìzi’ (closet/cabinet), and on the left of the character ‘柜‘ is ‘木 – mù’ (wood), which is explained by the very first cabinets being made of wood. Commonly seen ‘柜子 – guìzi’ include bookcases (with glass doors), kitchen cabinets, dressing tables etc. ‘出柜 – chūguì’ just means ‘come out’ from inside the closet. This word is a direct translation taken from English, and is used to describe gay people revealing their sexual orientation to the outside world. In 2016 a friend of mine came out to his parents, and after about half a year’s time, his parents finally accepted the fact. We all think this (parents who understand) is really hard to come by, and we all feel happy for him.
Ok, in our discussion regarding ‘出轨’ and ‘出柜’ we’ve arrived here: you absolutely must not say (these words) incorrectly!
NOTES:
1 – ‘轨 – guǐ’ literally means ‘rail’, ‘track’, and sometimes ‘course’ or ‘path’
Zak Gray (zakalternative@gmail.com)
Phillip Howson (phil@howson.net)
Tiffany Harvey (tijeha@umich.edu)
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